Ng Xin Yee – 88 Optometry

Ng Xin Yee N (F/14) Tracy’s daughter came for eye examination, vision with existing glasses is fine seeing far & near.

Vision without glasses
R: 6/60
L: 6/120

Vision with existing glasses of 2years
R: -3.50/-0.75X150 (6/7.5)
L: -4.00/-0.75X175 (6/9+)

Examination shows:
R: -3.75/-0.25X175 (6/6) [+1.00 blur lens test 6/12-]
L: -4.50/-0.25X175 (6/6) [+1.00 blur lens test 6/12] L>R
Add: L>R (adding +0.25/+0.50 in OD, still L>R)

Other assessments show:

Cover Test
Distance: NMD
Near: small XP, fast recovery

Howell Card
Distance: 0
Near: 4 – 6 XP
+1.00 Near: 8 – 10 XP
-1.00 Near: 1 – 3 EP
+2.00 Near: 8 – 10 XP
-2.00 Near: 5 – 7 EP

NRA
+2.25

PRA
-3.50

NPC
TTN, TTN, TTN, TTN, TTN, TTN, TTN

AA
R: 14D, 14D, 14D (target blur @end of RAF rule, clear 36cm)
L: 14D, 14D, 14D (target blur @end of RAF rule, clear 38cm)

Accommodation Facility (+/- 2.00)
BE: 15 cpm, difficult minus lens
R: 13 cpm, difficult minus lens
L: 14 cpm, difficult minus lens

MEM
R: +0.25
L: +0.25/PL

Fusional Reserves
Near, PFV: x/25/20
Near, NFV: x/12/10
Distance, NFV: x/12/10
Distance, PFV: x/25/20

Vergence Facility
Near: 13 cpm
Distance: 12 cpm

Interpupillary distance, IPD = 5.9cm

NOTES

Vision without glasses
6/6 – smallest testing line
6/7.5 – 2nd smallest line
6/9 – 3rd smallest line
6/12 – 4th smallest line
6/15 – 5th
6/18 – 6th
6/21 – 7th
6/24 – 8th

Examination of Eye Alignment
Cover Test, CT @ Distance & Near
– NMD(No Movement Detected) or
– small XP, fast recovery
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of eye, eye is deviated inwards
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of eye, eye is deviated outwards
ACT: alternating CT

Examination of Eye Alignment
(Maddox Rod) placed on RE

Examination of Eye Posture
(Howell Card) by 6^ BD OD
Distance:
– 0-3 XP (blue part) or
– 0-1 EP (yellow part)
Near:
– 0-6 XP (blue part)

Accommodation/Focusing analysis – ability to relax
NRA
+1.50 to +2.50

Accommodation/Focusing analysis – ability to focus
PRA
-1.37 to -3.37

Convergence, NPC – ability of eye to maintain a single clear near image (RAF rule)
Break/Recovery – within 10cm or TTN(to the nose)

MEM(Monocular Estimation Method) – measure accommodation response seeing near target
+0.25 to +0.75 (with movement)

Accommodation Facility – ability to change focus: far to near or near to far) by Flipper +/- 2.00
Monocular: 6cpm – 16cpm
Binocular: 4cpm – 14cpm
(1 cycle per minute, cpm = 2 words)

Fusional Reserves –
Convergent/Divergent reserve stamina (Prism Bar)
Blur/Break/Recovery
Children 7-12yo
Near, BO/PFV: x/15-31/10-22
Near, BI/NFV: x/7-17/3-11
Adult
Near, BO/PFV: x/10-28/7-21
Near, BI/NFV: x/7-19/5-15
Distance, BO/PFV: x/4-18/5-9
Distance, BI/NFV: x/4-10/2-6

Vergence Facility – ability to make rapid repetitive vergence changes (Prism Flipper 12BO & 3BI)
Distance: 12-18 cpm
Near: 12-18 cpm)
(1 cycle = 2 times clearing target)

Random Dot 3S – 3D Vision/Stereopsis
12.5″

Worth 4 Dots – Binocular Perception 4 dots