Lvanes (M/30) datang untuk pemeriksaan mata, mengadu kabur tengok jauh.. tengok hp masih okay. Beliau pernah pakai spek beberapa tahun lepas.. beliau tidak buat spek baru selepas speknya rosak.
Vision without glasses
R: 6/18-
L: 6/30-
Subjective Refraction (Delay Fogging +2.00 OU)
R: -0.25/-0.50×165 (6/7.5-) PHNI
L: -0.25/-0.75×150 (6/7.5-) PHNI
VA OU: 6/6-
Other assessments show:
Cover Test
Distance: NMD
Near: small XP, fast recovery
Howell Card
Distance: 0
Near: 2 XP
+1.00 Near: 0
-1.00 Near: 0
+2.00 Near: 0
-2.00 Near: no double seen
NRA
+1.75
PRA
-0.50
NPC
6/8cm, 6/8cm, 6/8cm, 6/8cm, 6/8cm
(pt reported vertical line moves to his left @8cm)
AA
R: 7.5D, 7.5D, 7.5D
L: 15.5D, 15.5D, 15.5D (clear @end of RAF rule)
MEM
R: +1.25
L: +1.25
Accommodation Facility (+/- 2.00) (single capital alphabet used on facility card) (we tried tumbling E also)
BE: 9cpm, difficult minus lens
R: 12cpm, difficult minus lens
L: 11cpm, difficult minus lens
– Both eyes see better than seeing monocularly
AA (we repeated)
R: 7.5D, 7.5D, 7.5D
L: 15.5D, 15.5D, 15.5D (clear @end of RAF rule)
Fusional Reserves
Near, PFV: x/6/4
Near, NFV: x/6/4
Distance, NFV: x/10/8
Distance, PFV: x/25/20
Fusional Reserves (with Add +0.75)
Near, PFV: x/6/4
Near, NFV: x/12/10
Vergence Facility
Near: 15 cpm
Distance: 14 cpm
Fluorescein
R: -ve
L: -ve
Interpupillary distance, IPD = 6.2cm
Prescribe
R: -0.25/-0.50×165
L: -0.50/-0.75×150 L>R
He read incorrectly here & there at times.
Abang bagitahu & tunjukkan kita yang adiknya tengok hp sangat dekat.. dalam 15cm.. dan akan tutup lampu & suka tengok hp dalam gelap.. aiyo
Kita tekankan ttg proper visual hygiene.
Kita prescribe spek betulkan rabun & silau dulu.. kita semak balik 2-3bulan nanti.
Notes
Vision without glasses
6/6 – smallest testing line
6/7.5 – 2nd smallest line
6/9 – 3rd smallest line
6/12 – 4th smallest line
6/15 – 5th
6/18 – 6th
6/21 – 7th
6/24 – 8th
Examination of Eye Alignment
Cover Test, CT @ Distance & Near
– NMD(No Movement Detected) or
– small XP, fast recovery
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of eye, eye is deviated inwards
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of eye, eye is deviated outwards
Examination of Eye Posture
(Howell Card) by 6^ BD OD
Distance:
– 0-3 XP (blue part) or
– 0-1 EP (yellow part)
Near:
– 0-6 XP (blue part)
Accommodation/Focusing analysis – ability to relax
NRA
+1.50 to +2.50
Accommodation/Focusing analysis – ability to focus
PRA
-1.37 to -3.37
Convergence, NPC – ability of eye to maintain a single clear near image (RAF rule)
Break/Recovery – within 10cm or TTN(to the nose)
AA(Amplitude Accommodation) – eye stamina (Dioptre, D) (RAF rule)
6yo – 16.5D | 6cm
9yo – 15.5D | 6.5cm
12yo – 14.5D | 7cm
15yo – 13.5D | 7.5cm
18yo – 12.5D | 8cm
21yo – 11.5D | 9cm
24yo – 10.5D | 10cm
27yo – 9.5D | 11cm
30yo – 8.5D | 12cm
MEM(Monocular Estimation Method) – measure accommodation response seeing near target
+0.25 to +0.75 (with movement)
Accommodation Facility – ability to change focus: far to near or near to far) by Flipper +/- 2.00
Monocular: 6cpm – 16cpm
Binocular: 4cpm – 14cpm
(1 cycle per minute, cpm = 2 words)
Fusional Reserves –
Convergent/Divergent reserve stamina (Prism Bar)
Blur/Break/Recovery
Children 7-12yo
Near, PFV: x/15-31/10-22
Near, NFV: x/7-17/3-11
Adult
Near, PFV: x/10-28/7-21
Near, NFV: x/7-19/5-15
Distance, PFV: x/4-18/5-9
Distance, NFV: x/4-10/2-6
Vergence Facility – ability to make rapid repetitive vergence changes (Prism Flipper 12BO & 3BI)
Distance: 12-18 cpm
Near: 12-18 cpm)
(1 cycle = 2 times clearing target)