Madam Chan (F/70) came for eye examination, brought by her son, existing glasses made with us have many scratches already.
Vision without glasses
R: 6/15-
L: 6/21+
Record of existing glasses 2.5years
R: +2.25/-0.75×105 (6/6-)
L: +1.75/-1.00×75 (6/6-)
Add: +3.00
Examination shows: (Delay Fogging)
R: +1.50/-0.50×105 (6/9+) PHNI
L: +1.25/-0.75×75 (6/12+) PHNI
Add: +2.75
Other assessments show:
Examination of Eye Alignment/Vergence (Cover Test, CT)
NMD @Distance
(alternating CT: patient reported NMD)
small XP, fast recovery @Near
(alternating CT: pt reported NMD)
(normal value: orthophoria/NMD-No Movement Detected or small XP, fast recovery)
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated inwards
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated outwards
Examination of Eye Alignment/Posture (Howell Card) by 6^ Base Down on Right eye@Near
Distance: 0 – 2 XP (blue part)
Near: 8 XP (blue part)
-1.00 Near: 8 XP (blue part)
(normal value: 0-1 EP (yellow part) or 0-3 XP (blue part) @Distance; and 0-6 XP (blue part) @Near)
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated inwards
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated outwards
NRA (Accommodation analysis – ability to relax accommodation) by plus lens
+0.50
(normal value: +1.50 to +2.50)
PRA (Accommodation analysis – ability to stimulate accommodation) by minus lens
-0.25
(normal value: -1.37 to -3.37)
NPC (Convergence – ability of eye to maintain a single clear near image) by RAF rule
TTN, TTN, TTN, TTN
(normal value: Break/Recovery in less than 10cm or to the nose, TTN)
Fusional Reserves (Convergent/Divergent reserve stamina) by Prism Bar
Near, Base-Out/Convergent, PFV: x/20/12
Near, Base-In/Divergent, NFV: x/x/x
Distance, Base-Out/Convergent, PFV: x/x/x
Distance, Base-In/Divergent, NFV: x/10/4
(normal value: Blur/Break/Recovery)
Near, PFV: 10-28/7-21
Near, NFV: 7-19/5-15
Distance, PFV: 4-18/5-9
Distance, NFV: 4-10/2-6
[Scheiman et al – Adult Data]
Amsler Chart (to assess integrity of macula)
R: all lines are straight
L: all lines are straight
(normal value: lines are straight with equal gaps in between lines & no brown/black patch/spot)
Colour Vision
R: normal
L: normal
All near tests are done with Add.
Interpupillary distance, IPD = 6.8cm
Madam Chan visited eye doctor/ophthalmologist 2weeks ago & she has been told about having cataract in both eyes. Son said that she will be scheduled for cataract surgery the next round when she goes back for follow up. Due to many scratches, we will update her power at the moment. She also let us know that she always wipes her lenses with her clothes😆 aiyo
