Mr Teoh (M/49) our customer friend Rachel’s husband came for eye examination, with complaint of tired eyes & headache around head since 1+ year ago. He has history of sinus for about 30 years already.
Vision without glasses
R: 6/7.5
L: 6/7.5-
Power of reading glasses
R: +1.75
L: +1.75
Examination shows: (Delay Fogging)
R: +0.50 (6/6) (+1.25 blur lens test 6/7.5-)
L: +0.50 (6/6) (+1.00 blur lens test 6/12) [L: left dominant eye] L>R
Add: +1.50 (N5@40cm) L>R [Range Of Clear Vision, ROCV cannot be made clear further away]
Adding +0.25 in right eye is not favoured for far vision
Adding +0.25/+0.50 in right eye for near vision, still L>R
Other assessments show:
Examination of Eye Alignment/Vergence (Cover Test)
NMD @Distance
small XP, fast recovery @Near
(normal value: orthophoria/NMD-No Movement Detected or small XP, fast recovery)
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated inwards
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated outwards
Examination of Eye Alignment/Posture (Howell Card) by 6^ Base Down on Right eye
Distance: 0
Add +1.50 Near: 8 – 10 XP (blue part)
Add +1.00 Near: 8 – 10 XP (blue part)
(normal value: 0-1 EP or 0-3 XP @Distance; and 0-6 XP @Near)
EP = Esophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated inwards (yellow part)
XP = Exophoria is misalignment of the eye, eye is deviated outwards (blue part)
NRA (Accommodation analysis – ability to relax accommodation) by plus lens
+0.25
(normal value: +1.50 to +2.50)
– when we reduced Add, NRA value is still the same
PRA (Accommodation analysis – ability to stimulate accommodation) by minus lens
-0.25
(normal value: -1.37 to -3.37)
– when we reduced Add, PRA value is still the same
AA (Amplitude Accommodation/Focusing – eye stamina/ability of eye to focus & sustain seeing near clearly) by RAF rule (with Add)
R: 47 YO, 47 YO, 47 YO, 47 YO
L: 47 YO, 47 YO, 47 YO, 47 YO
(normal value: AA goes according to age; YO=years old)
NPC (Convergence – ability of eye to maintain a single clear near image) by RAF rule (with Add)
14/24, 16/26, 18/28, 21/33, 24/36cm
(normal value: Break/Recovery in less than 10cm or to the nose, TTN)
Fusional Reserves (Convergent/Divergent reserve stamina) by Prism Bar (with Add)
Near, Base-Out/Convergent, PFV: 8/18/10
Near, Base-In/Divergent, NFV: 2/14/6
Distance, Base-In/Divergent, NFV: x/8/6
Distance, Base-Out/Convergent, PFV: x/18/16
(normal value: Blur/Break/Recovery)
Near, PFV: x/10-28/7-21
Near, NFV: x/7-19/5-15
Distance, PFV: x/4-18/5-9
Distance, NFV: x/4-10/2-6
[Scheiman et al – Adult Data]
3D Vision (Random Dot 3S)
40″
(normal value: 12.5″)
Interpupillary Distance = 6.9cm